1. yum修改为国内镜像源
CentoS 6 停止维护更新日期 2020 年 11 月 30 日
CentOS 7 停止维护更新日期 2024 年 6 月 30 日
CentOS 8 停止维护更新日期 2029 年 5 月 31 日
cd /etc/yum.repos.d mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak wget -O CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo #wget -O CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo #wget -O CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo #wget -O CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo yum clean all yum makecache
清华大学源：
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.5/isos/i386/
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.10/isos/
清华大学的源更全:
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-altarch/
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/
repodata 路径举例：
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.10/os/i386/repodata/
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.10/os/x86_64/repodata/
1.1 repo file
目前centos6停止更新了，使用国内镜像的repo也是有问题的，建议直接使用本地iso文件yum源的方式来 yum install。
- CentOS-Base.repo.tsinghua
# CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # # [base] name=CentOS-6.10 - Base #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.10&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.10/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-6.10 - Updates #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.10&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.10/updates/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-6.10 - Extras #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.10&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&infra=$infra baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.10/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-6.10 - Plus #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.10&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.10/centosplus/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #contrib - packages by Centos Users [contrib] name=CentOS-6.10 - Contrib #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.10&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib&infra=$infra baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.10/contrib/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.10/os/i386/repodata/
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.10/os/x86_64/repodata/
2. 使用iso文件搭建本地源
1. 使用如下命令新建挂载点并挂载
sudo mkdir /media/iso sudo mkdir /media/dvd1 sudo mkdir /media/dvd2 sudo mv /home/user/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso /media/iso sudo mv /home/user/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD2.iso /media/iso #挂载centos安装盘(两个iso) sudo mount -o loop /media/iso/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso /media/dvd1/ sudo mount -o loop /media/iso/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD2.iso /media/dvd2/
注：如果刚刚装好的系统，nfs功能可能是没有安装的，即不能通过NFS网络文件系统挂载远程的ISO文件，此时只能使用光盘。如果是虚拟机安装，那么直接在虚拟机设置里加载光盘iso文件，即可，它一般会自动mount iso。如果是物理实体机，可能就真的需要一个光驱了。。。。
2. 修改yum源配置，把CentOS-Base.repo文件备份
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ #### 将除CentOS-Media.repo之外的其它repo文件全部mv成.bak文件备份，全部使用本地iso源。 mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak ...
文件：CentOS-Media.repo
#修改如下内容
enabled=1
#将baseurl中的路径修改为 file://media/dvd1和file://media/dvd2
#保存退出
baseurl=file:///media/dvd1/ #根据实际mount目录修改
file:///media/dvd2/
gpgckeck=1
enabled=1 #此处要enable=1使能
3. 清空yum已存在的所有源信息,重新生成缓存
yum clean all; yum makecache
4. 查看本地源的所有软件
yum list
3. yum EPEL源
EPEL的全称叫 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 。EPEL是由 Fedora 社区打造，为 RHEL 及衍生发行版如 CentOS、Scientific Linux 等提供高质量软件包的项目。装上了 EPEL之后，就相当于添加了一个第三方源。
以安装xfce为例：
根据系统版本打开相应的链接： CentOS 5 32位：http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/i386/ CentOS 5 64位：http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/x86_64/ CentOS 6 32位：http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/ CentOS 6 64位：http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/ 查找“epel”，应该会找到一个“epel-release-X-X.noarch.rpm”的软件包。下载，安装之。 $ wget http://download.Fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-5.noarch.rpm $ sudo rpm -ivh epel-release-6-5.noarch.rpm $ sudo yum search xfce $ sudo yum groupinfo xfce $ sudo yum groupinstall xfce $ sudo yum groupinstall Fonts （可选安装） 然后用xfce4-session就可以启动了，比如加到.vnc的xstartup里。
https://computingforgeeks.com/create-local-centos-7-centos-6-mirrors/
4. yum install list
yum install -y tree yum install -y gvim yum install -y rpcbind nfs-utils yum install -y autoconf yum install -y zlib yum install -y zlib-devel yum install -y glibc.i686 yum install -y zlib.i686 yum install -y libstdc++.so.6 yum install -y gcc yum install -y gcc-c++ yum install -y inkscape* yum install -y dos2unix yum install -y asciidoc* yum install -y lib64tcl* yum install -y libstdc* yum install -y ncurses-libs* yum install -y xterm* yum install -y xmlto* yum install -y redhat-lsb* yum install -y perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker yum install -y tk zlib-devel openssl-devel perl cpio expat-devel gettext-devel yum install -y git* yum install -y ntfs-3g yum install -y libtiff libtiff-devel libtiff* yum install -y *libmng* yum install -y *libcrypt* yum install -y *libgpg* yum install -y *libbsd* yum install -y ksh yum install -y lightdm yum install -y libXScrnSaver yum install -y libX11* yum install -y libmx* yum install -y libXrandr*
5. 其它软件升级
tcl需要重新安装tcl8.6版本，-- 8.5版本不支持
format "b" 3
6. 其它
1、在64系统里执行32位程序如果出现/lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad ELF interpreter: No such file or directory，安装下glic即可
sudo yum install -y glibc.i686
2、error while loading shared libraries: libz.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
sudo yum install -y zlib.i686
yum