QUdpSocket露

PyQt5.QtNetwork.QUdpSocket: Inherits from QAbstractSocket.

Description露

The QUdpSocket class provides a UDP socket.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is a lightweight, unreliable, datagram-oriented, connectionless protocol. It can be used when reliability isn鈥檛 important. QUdpSocket is a subclass of QAbstractSocket that allows you to send and receive UDP datagrams.

The most common way to use this class is to bind to an address and port using bind(), then call writeDatagram() and readDatagram() / receiveDatagram() to transfer data. If you want to use the standard QIODevice functions read(), readLine(), write(), etc., you must first connect the socket directly to a peer by calling connectToHost().

The socket emits the bytesWritten() signal every time a datagram is written to the network. If you just want to send datagrams, you don鈥檛 need to call bind().

The readyRead() signal is emitted whenever datagrams arrive. In that case, hasPendingDatagrams() returns true. Call pendingDatagramSize() to obtain the size of the first pending datagram, and readDatagram() or receiveDatagram() to read it.

Note: An incoming datagram should be read when you receive the readyRead() signal, otherwise this signal will not be emitted for the next datagram.

Example:

# void Server::initSocket()
# {
#     udpSocket = new QUdpSocket(this);
#     udpSocket->bind(QHostAddress::LocalHost, 7755);

#     connect(udpSocket, SIGNAL(readyRead()),
#             this, SLOT(readPendingDatagrams()));
# }

# void Server::readPendingDatagrams()
# {
#     while (udpSocket->hasPendingDatagrams()) {
#         QNetworkDatagram datagram = udpSocket->receiveDatagram();
#         processTheDatagram(datagram);
#     }
# }

QUdpSocket also supports UDP multicast. Use joinMulticastGroup() and leaveMulticastGroup() to control group membership, and MulticastTtlOption and MulticastLoopbackOption to set the TTL and loopback socket options. Use setMulticastInterface() to control the outgoing interface for multicast datagrams, and multicastInterface() to query it.

With QUdpSocket, you can also establish a virtual connection to a UDP server using connectToHost() and then use read() and write() to exchange datagrams without specifying the receiver for each datagram.

The Broadcast Sender, Broadcast Receiver, Multicast Sender, and Multicast Receiver examples illustrate how to use QUdpSocket in applications.

See also

QTcpSocket, QNetworkDatagram.

Methods露

__init__(parent: QObject = None)

Creates a QUdpSocket object.

parent is passed to the QObject constructor.

See also

socketType().

hasPendingDatagrams() → bool: Returns true if at least one datagram is waiting to be read; otherwise returns false.

See also

pendingDatagramSize(), readDatagram().

joinMulticastGroup(Union[QHostAddress, SpecialAddress]) → bool

Joins the multicast group specified by groupAddress on the default interface chosen by the operating system. The socket must be in BoundState, otherwise an error occurs.

Note that if you are attempting to join an IPv4 group, your socket must not be bound using IPv6 (or in dual mode, using Any). You must use QHostAddress::AnyIPv4 instead.

This function returns true if successful; otherwise it returns false and sets the socket error accordingly.

Note: Joining IPv6 multicast groups without an interface selection is not supported in all operating systems. Consider using the overload where the interface is specified.

See also

leaveMulticastGroup().

joinMulticastGroup(Union[QHostAddress, SpecialAddress], QNetworkInterface) → bool

This is an overloaded function.

Joins the multicast group address groupAddress on the interface iface.

See also

leaveMulticastGroup().

leaveMulticastGroup(Union[QHostAddress, SpecialAddress]) → bool

Leaves the multicast group specified by groupAddress on the default interface chosen by the operating system. The socket must be in BoundState, otherwise an error occurs.

This function returns true if successful; otherwise it returns false and sets the socket error accordingly.

Note: This function should be called with the same arguments as were passed to joinMulticastGroup().

See also

joinMulticastGroup().

leaveMulticastGroup(Union[QHostAddress, SpecialAddress], QNetworkInterface) → bool

This is an overloaded function.

Leaves the multicast group specified by groupAddress on the interface iface.

Note: This function should be called with the same arguments as were passed to joinMulticastGroup().

See also

joinMulticastGroup().

multicastInterface() → QNetworkInterface: Returns the interface for the outgoing interface for multicast datagrams. This corresponds to the IP_MULTICAST_IF socket option for IPv4 sockets and the IPV6_MULTICAST_IF socket option for IPv6 sockets. If no interface has been previously set, this function returns an invalid QNetworkInterface. The socket must be in BoundState, otherwise an invalid QNetworkInterface is returned.

See also

setMulticastInterface().

pendingDatagramSize() → int: Returns the size of the first pending UDP datagram. If there is no datagram available, this function returns -1.

See also

hasPendingDatagrams(), readDatagram().

readDatagram(int) → (bytes, QHostAddress, int): TODO

receiveDatagram(maxSize: int = -1) → QNetworkDatagram

Receives a datagram no larger than maxSize bytes and returns it in the QNetworkDatagram object, along with the sender鈥檚 host address and port. If possible, this function will also try to determine the datagram鈥檚 destination address, port, and the number of hop counts at reception time.

On failure, returns a QNetworkDatagram that reports isValid().

If maxSize is too small, the rest of the datagram will be lost. If maxSize is 0, the datagram will be discarded. If maxSize is -1 (the default), this function will attempt to read the entire datagram.

setMulticastInterface(QNetworkInterface): Sets the outgoing interface for multicast datagrams to the interface iface. This corresponds to the IP_MULTICAST_IF socket option for IPv4 sockets and the IPV6_MULTICAST_IF socket option for IPv6 sockets. The socket must be in BoundState, otherwise this function does nothing.

See also

multicastInterface(), joinMulticastGroup(), leaveMulticastGroup().

writeDatagram(QNetworkDatagram) → int

This is an overloaded function.

Sends the datagram datagram to the host address and port numbers contained in datagram, using the network interface and hop count limits also set there. If the destination address and port numbers are unset, this function will send to the address that was passed to connectToHost().

If the destination address is IPv6 with a non-empty scope id but differs from the interface index in datagram, it is undefined which interface the operating system will choose to send on.

The function returns the number of bytes sent if it succeeded or -1 if it encountered an error.

Warning: Calling this function on a connected UDP socket may result in an error and no packet being sent. If you are using a connected socket, use write() to send datagrams.

writeDatagram(bytes, Union[QHostAddress, SpecialAddress], int) → int: TODO

writeDatagram(Union[QByteArray, bytes, bytearray], Union[QHostAddress, SpecialAddress], int) → int: TODO